Fake QR Code Scams: How to Identify and Prevent Them

Since the launch of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), digital payments have become simpler and faster. Today, Quick Response (QR) codes are everywhere — on shop counters, restaurant tables, parking booths, even at donation drives.

While QR codes have undoubtedly made transactions convenient, they have also opened the doors for cybercriminals. Read on to learn what fake QR code scams are, how to identify them, and how to protect yourself if you ever fall victim to one.

What are fake QR code scams?

A fake QR code looks just like any regular QR code, but it's secretly designed to trick you. When you scan one, it might transfer money to a scammer's account, redirect you to a fake website to steal your banking or personal credentials, or automatically install malicious software on your phone or laptop. This ordinary-looking QR code image could actually drain your bank account before you even know what happened.

Types of fake QR code scams

Here’s why staying updated on your FASTag status is essential to avoid issues like a blocked or low-balance tag at toll booths:

• Payment Redirection: Scammers can replace QR codes from places where they are most available. When you scan them, your money goes to scammers, and not the intended recipient.
• Phishing Links: Some QR codes open fake websites that ask for your banking details or personal information by pretending to be trusted platforms or offering fake rewards.
• Malware or Spyware Downloads: Scanning a malicious QR code can trigger hidden downloads that put your device and data at risk.
• Impersonation & Job Scams: Fraudsters may pose as job recruiters or event organisers, sharing fake QR codes for registration or application.
• Unsafe Public Wi-Fi: QR codes in public places may connect you to fraudulent Wi-Fi networks that expose your data to hackers.

Also Read: 7 Common Types of Financial Frauds to Watch Out for

How can you protect yourself from fake QR codes?

• Verify Recipient Details: Always cross-check the name and number of the receiver that appear before finalising a transaction.
• Inspect Physical QR Codes: Before scanning a printed code at various physical places, inspect QR code details for signs of tampering, such as stickers pasted over existing codes or QR codes that look misaligned.
• Check the source: Only scan QR codes from verified businesses, trusted contacts, or official platforms. Avoid scanning codes sent from unknown emails or SMS.
• Preview the URL: After scanning, most QR scanners (including QR decoder apps) allow you to view the link before opening it. Check if the domain name or the URL is misspelled or wrong.
• Avoid Using Public Wifi: We often connect to open wifi without giving it much thought. Always prefer using secure networks or mobile data instead of public ones.

What to do if you fall victim to a QR code scam?

If you ever fall for a QR code scam, you should not panic but act promptly. You can start with freezing your bank account, blocking your cards, and changing your passwords. You can report the fake QR code fraud on the National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal or file a report at your local police station. It will be wise to understand how the scam happened so you can avoid it next time.

Also Read: What is Digital Arrest Scam and How to Stay Safe?

As QR codes continue to play a bigger role in our digital lives, they also attract increasing attention from scammers looking to exploit unsuspecting users. These scams can lead to financial loss, data theft, or unauthorised access to personal accounts — all from a single scan.

If you ever fall victim to a fake QR code scam, take immediate action without panicking. Freeze your bank accounts, update your passwords, and report the incident to the cybercrime authorities. While technology is making payments faster and easier, it’s our awareness and vigilance that will truly keep us safe in a digital-first world.

Frequently asked questions

1. What is QR code full form?

   QR code refers to Quick Response code, a type of two-dimensional barcode that encodes data such as websites or payment information.

2. What is a QR code scam?

   A QR code scam involves a fake Quick Response (QR) code planted to trick users. It can transfer your money to a scammer’s account, redirect you to fake websites, and steal your personal information.

3. How to scan QR code safely?

   To scan a QR code safely, use a trusted QR scanner app, verify recipient details, and check the URL before proceeding.

4. Can a fake QR code install malware?

   Yes, scanning a fake QR code can automatically install malicious software on your device.

5. Can QR codes lead to phishing?

   Yes. Some QRs can lead you to fake websites mimicking genuine ones. When you enter any kind of data on it, scammers can capture and misuse it.

6. How can I know that a QR code is authentic?

   To identify an authentic QR code, always verify the source. For digital QR codes, check the sender and avoid clicking links from unknown numbers or emails. For physical QR codes, inspect them for signs of tampering.

7. Can scanning a fake QR code hack my smartphone?

   A fake QR code can hack your smartphone and lead to the installation of unwanted apps and data theft.

8. If I accidentally scan a suspicious QR code, what's next?

   If you scan a suspicious QR code, do not interact further. Immediately close the link, change your passwords, and freeze your accounts. You must report the incident to the cybercrime authorities.